IPGATE AG – Patent Family E148 · Dual-Stroke Hydraulic Unit with Bidirectional Volume Pressure Control
12
Granted Rights
10
Jurisdictions
5
Invention Complexes
2016
First Priority
DAP
Double-Acting Piston

Double-Acting Piston with
Bidirectional Volume Pressure Control

Patent family E148 describes a pressure generation device with an electrically driven double-acting piston (DAP) that forms two working chambers and can independently build up and release pressure in two separate hydraulic circuits — simultaneously, in opposite directions.

The central innovation is a piston-cylinder unit with a double-acting piston defining two working chambers (3a, 3b). Via controlled changeover valves (PD1, PD2), pressure in one or both circuits can be released into a reservoir through the working chambers, or directly via outlet valves (AVi). An optional connecting line (H5) with a switching valve (ShV) can couple the two working chambers for pressure equalization or volume-based cross-circuit control.

Pressure build-up is governed by piston stroke control based on stored pressure-volume (pV) characteristics per circuit. The bidirectional architecture enables simultaneous pressure build-up in one circuit while the second working chamber releases pressure in the other — a degree of freedom unavailable in single-stroke or gear-pump based systems. The E148 family extends over 6 property rights (EP, EP1, US, US1, CN, CN1) with 12 granted rights across 10 jurisdictions.

EP · DE · FR · GB · NL US KR CN IN

From Valve-Side to Supply-Side: E147 → E148

While the preceding E147 family introduced novel valve-side architecture — inverting the inlet valve wiring to enable check-valve-free, fault-tolerant pressure control — E148 addresses the pressure supply side directly. Together, the two families form a comprehensive system: E147 governs how pressure is distributed and maintained at the wheel brakes; E148 governs how pressure is generated and controlled at source.

Prior Art Limitation: Conventional brake systems use single-piston pumps or gear pumps that generate pressure in only one stroke direction. In multi-circuit systems, additional valves and lines are needed to operate both brake circuits independently. Sequential switching between circuits introduces latency and limits the ability to simultaneously build pressure in one circuit while releasing it in another.

In brake-by-wire systems for autonomous driving, the demands for simultaneous, independent pressure control across multiple circuits are increasing sharply — for functions such as torque vectoring, brake-steer, and wheel-selective regenerative braking. A single-stroke pump cannot satisfy these requirements without significant valve complexity.

E148 Advance: A double-acting piston (DAP) with two differently sized effective areas creates a compact system that can generate, maintain, and release pressure in both stroke directions — simultaneously across two independent circuits. Piston stroke is governed by pV characteristics per circuit, eliminating the need for sequential circuit switching. The optional connecting line (H5/ShV) adds further flexibility for cross-circuit pressure equalization.

E148 thus complements E147: where E147 controls how valves distribute pressure at the wheel, E148 controls how the DAP supplies pressure at the source. Both patent families together enable a complete, check-valve-free, simultaneously controllable dual-circuit brake-by-wire architecture.

Five Invention Complexes

The 5 invention complexes of E148 cover the core DAP device architecture, the volume-control method via pV characteristics, a simplified dual-chamber variant, an adaptive dual-circuit control method, and simultaneous dual-circuit pressure operation.

EK 1 · Device
Double-Stroke Hydraulic Supply Unit
EP · US · CN · CN (Div.) · US (Div.)
Pressure generation device with double-acting piston (DAP), two working chambers (3a, 3b), and two hydraulic circuits (K1, K2). Changeover valves (PD1, PD2) for pressure relief via working chambers; optional outlet valves (AVi) for direct pressure relief; connecting line (H5) with switching valve (ShV) for coupling the working chambers to enable cross-circuit pressure equalization.
EK 2 · Method
Double-Stroke Volume Control via pV Characteristic
EP · US · CN · CN (Div.)
Piston stroke control based on pressure-volume characteristic curves per circuit. Pressure reduction via forward/return stroke and/or outlet valves while the second working chamber simultaneously builds pressure in the other circuit. Enables bidirectional simultaneous pressure build-up/reduction across K1 and K2 in a single piston motion.
EK 3 · Device
Dual-Chamber Hydraulic Control Unit (Simplified)
EP (Div.)
Simplified device variant focused on targeted pressure relief architecture. Piston-cylinder unit with switching valves (PD1, PD2) in second hydraulic lines (H1, H2) for connecting the working chambers directly to the reservoir. Streamlined valve structure suited for applications requiring straightforward pressure release without full bidirectional stroke control.
EK 4 · Method
Dual-Circuit Adaptive Pressure Control
EP (Div.)
Method with piston stroke control based on pV characteristic curves. Pressure reduction via piston stroke and/or outlet valves; simultaneous pressure supply to the second circuit. Adaptive control enables independent pressure targets in both circuits within a single stroke sequence.
EK 5 · Device
Simultaneous Dual-Circuit Pressure Operation
US · CN
Pressure generation device for simultaneous pressure change in both brake circuits (K1 and K2). Double-acting piston with special valve control for simultaneous pressure build-up/reduction without sequential switching between circuits — enabling fully parallel, independent pressure management in both hydraulic circuits at the same time.
Section 1 · Invention Overview

Invention Complexes, Descriptions & Keywords

5 invention complexes across 6 property rights (EP, EP1, US, US1, CN, CN1). Covers device and method claims for DAP-based pressure supply in dual-circuit brake-by-wire systems.

Complex · References Cat. Description Keyword
EK 1 – DAP Supply Unit
EP 3271228 B1 (A1) · US 11,097,708 B2 (A1) · CN 107438543 B (A1) · CN 114368370 B (A1) · US 20210339727 A1 (A1)
Device Pressure generation device with double-acting piston (1), two working chambers (3a, 3b) and two hydraulic circuits (K1, K2). Changeover valves (PD1, PD2) for pressure relief via working chambers; optional outlet valves (AVi) for direct pressure relief; connecting line (H5) with switching valve (ShV) for coupling the working chambers. DAP · Two chambers · Changeover valves · ShV coupling
EK 2 – Volume Control Method
EP 3271228 B1 (A15) · US 11,097,708 B2 (A22) · CN 107438543 B (A32) · CN 114368370 B (A25)
Method Piston stroke control based on pressure-volume characteristic curves. Pressure reduction via forward/return stroke and/or outlet valves, while simultaneously the second working chamber builds pressure in the other circuit. Bidirectional simultaneous pressure build-up/reduction in two circuits via a single piston motion. pV characteristic · Piston stroke · Simultaneous build-up/reduction
EK 3 – Simplified Device
EP 4129783 B1 (A1)
Device Simplified variant of the DAP device with switching valves (PD1, PD2) in second hydraulic lines (H1, H2) for connecting working chambers to the reservoir. Focus on targeted pressure relief architecture without full bidirectional stroke complexity. Simplified DAP · Switch valves · Targeted relief
EK 4 – Adaptive Control Method
EP 4129783 B1 (A10)
Method Method with piston stroke control based on pV characteristic curves; pressure reduction via piston stroke and/or outlet valves with simultaneous pressure supply to the second circuit. Adaptive pressure targets per circuit within a single stroke sequence. Adaptive control · pV stroke · Simultaneous supply
EK 5 – Simultaneous Operation
US 11,097,708 B2 (A36) · CN 107438543 B (A2)
Device Pressure generation device for simultaneous pressure change in both brake circuits. Double-acting piston with special valve control for simultaneous pressure build-up/reduction in K1 and K2 without sequential circuit switching — fully parallel, independent pressure management in both hydraulic circuits. Simultaneous K1+K2 · No sequential switching · Parallel control
Section 2a · Family Overview

Jurisdictions & Status

All members of the E148 patent family as of February 2026. 12 granted rights across 10 jurisdictions; 2 applications pending (US divisional, KR main).

File No. Country Status Type Registration No. Filed Grant No. Granted
E148WOEP EP Granted Patent 16711220.0 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 3271228 B1 Jul. 13, 2022
E148WOEPDE DE Granted Patent (via EP) 502016015066.4 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 3271228 B1 Jul. 13, 2022
E148WOEPFR FR Granted Patent (via EP) 16711220.0 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 3271228 B1 Jul. 13, 2022
E148WOEPGB GB Granted Patent (via EP) 16711220.0 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 3271228 B1 Jul. 13, 2022
E148WOEPNL NL Granted Patent (via EP) 16711220.0 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 3271228 B1 Jul. 13, 2022
E148WOUS US Granted Patent 15/558,385 Mar. 16, 2016 US 11,097,708 B2 Aug. 24, 2021
E148WOJP Granted Patent 2017-548861 Mar. 16, 2016 JP 7264591 B2 Apr. 17, 2023
E148WOKR KR Pending Patent 10-2017-7029740 Mar. 16, 2016
E148WOCN CN Granted Patent 201680016524.7 Mar. 16, 2016 CN 107438543 B Oct. 29, 2021
E148WOIN IN Granted Patent 201717035154 Mar. 16, 2016 IN 482888 B Dec. 14, 2023
E148WOEP1 EP Granted Divisional 22184243.8 Mar. 16, 2016 EP 4129783 B1 May 22, 2024
E148WOUS1 US Pending Divisional 17/378,201 Mar. 16, 2016
E148WOKR1 KR Granted Divisional 10-2023-7039045 Mar. 16, 2016 KR 102714967 B1 Oct. 2, 2024
E148WOCN1 CN Granted Divisional 202111170671.9 Mar. 16, 2016 CN 114368370 B Apr. 23, 2024